NFTs असल में क्या हैं?

NFT = Non-Fungible Token। Each NFT unique है (non-interchangeable)। ERC-721 standard पर built। Digital ownership का blockchain-based proof।

Common misconception: NFT = सिर्फ digital art। Reality: NFTs एक technology हैं — art, music, gaming items, identity, real estate, anything tokenizable।

Famous categories:

1. Art NFTs। Beeple's $69M sale, CryptoPunks, Bored Apes, Pak's digital art।

2. Gaming items। Axie Infinity creatures, Sandbox land, virtual swords।

3. PFP (Profile Picture) collections। BAYC, Doodles — social status symbols।

4. Music NFTs। Artists tokenizing royalties, exclusive tracks।

5. Domain names। alice.eth (ENS), .crypto domains।

6. Real estate tokenization। Fractional ownership of property।

7. Identity / credentials। Diplomas, certifications on-chain।

Why NFTs valuable?

1. Provable scarcity। Limited editions enforced by smart contract।

2. Verifiable authenticity। Real vs fake (huge problem in art world)।

3. Programmable royalties। Original creator earns % on every secondary sale automatically।

4. Composability। NFTs usable across multiple platforms, games।

5. Cultural significance। Internet-native ownership concept।

Indian NFT scene: - Wazir NFT (WazirX) launched 2022 - Indian artists prominent: Amrit Pal Singh, Sandeep Reddy Vanga - Bollywood NFTs (Salman Khan, Amitabh Bachchan) - Mostly speculative bubble period 2021-22 over

Reality check (2026): - NFT market 90% down from 2021-22 peak - Most projects "rugged" or abandoned - Established (BAYC, CryptoPunks) still hold value - Speculation phase ending, utility phase beginning

Indian tax: NFT = VDA = Section 115BBH (30% + 4% cess on profit, 1% TDS on sale, no offset)।

Should Indians participate? For art appreciation: maybe (treat as expensive hobby)। For investment: highly risky, complex tax, low success rate। Most retail should avoid।